Watching Neil Armstrong's one small step

It was the night of July 15, 1969 and, at the age of 13, I found sleep hard to come by. The next day was the last day of school before the summer break, but th is was not the reason for my restless excitement. It was also my birthday, but this was secondary to the event that was keeping me awake . July 16 marked the beginning of mankind's greatest adventure. It was the day Apollo 11 lifted off, taking human beings to the Moon for the first time. In my bedroom was a wall chart and a cardboard model of the Saturn V rocket that could be reconfigured for the various stages of the mission, such as the unlocking of the lunar module in Earth's orbit and the descent to the Moon's surface . By the time the astronauts returned home on July 24, all that was left of my model of th e 111-metre rocket was a tiny grey triangle of card. I watched the launch on our living room TV via a flickering black -and -white satellite transmission from Florida. Even without colour, the lift-off of Saturn V was an astonishing thing , from the thunder of fire and noise from the engines to the slow rise of the huge steel column amid a shower of ice caused by condensation frozen by the rocket's liquid oxygen and hydrogen fuel. I also remember the giant letters sliding past the launch pad camera: U, S, A. There was no thought of failure, at least in my mind, as I manipulated my cardboard Apollo 11 over the next few days , only excitement, as the lunar module detached from the command ship Columbia to descend to the Moon's surface. Then there was the crackling message from 384,000 kilometres away, saying: "Houston. Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed." By that point it was nearly 10pm in London, where I lived at the time. My two younger brothers and I were sent to bed before Neil Armstrong stepped on to the lunar surface. I've never quite understood, even if it happened at 3am, why we were not allowed to watch live. Perhaps my parents felt they were being responsible, or they feared something might go wrong, that Armstrong and Aldrin could die on their mission and that was something children should not see. Instead, I watched those first steps, almost indiscernible through the static, replayed over and over later that day. Across the world, millions watched it live, massive crowds were glued to screens in London and other cities, awestruck as science fiction became fact. The first men on the Moon spent less than a day there. Memory can play tricks and I have a recollection of dramatic footage of the upper stage of Eagle leaving the Moon from a camera left behind on the surface . But I now think that was actually a memory of a later lunar mission, probably Apollo 15. Instead, the departure of Eagle and its astronauts from the Moon's surface was filmed from inside the ship, the lunar surface receding as the tiny capsule rose back into space to rendezvous with the main ship. We then awaited news that Apollo 11 had left lunar orbit, exhaling with relief when its crew returned home. There were more than three minutes of tense radio silence during their re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, culminating in the wonderful sight of the scorched Apollo 11 capsule – my little cardboard triangle – dangling safely beneath its three parachutes. The three astronauts on board, including Michael Collins, the command module pilot, were quarantined for 21 days as a precaution against Moon bugs that turned out not to exist. A photo gallery of the moon landings in 1969: Half a century later, it still seems extraordinary that they succeeded in their mission. We know now how close they came to disaster, when the guidance computer on Eagle, a cutting-edge design at the time that used silicon chips instead of vacuum tubes, crashed several times during the descent to the Moon's surface, with the computer being restarted only 40 seconds before landing. It was unclear at the time if the lunar surface could even support the weight of the ladder. The engine used to take Eagle off the surface was also untested in that environment. Any one of a dozen potential scenarios could have left Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stranded . Nasa was rightly concerned. It prepared a speech in advance for US president at the time, Richard Nixon, should the astronauts have died. It read: "Fate has ordained that the men who went to the Moon to explore in peace, will stay on the Moon to rest in peace." I have read that Armstrong placed the odds of coming home alive at 90 per cent, but thought the chance of a successful Moon landing was only 50 per cent. Aldrin thought the likelihood they would die was one in three and believed they would likely fail. They went on the mission anyway, and returned as heroes . It was the most astonishing achievement by the bravest men I can think of in all my lifetime.

Watching Neil Armstrong's one small step

James Langton recalls the day Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin made history by landing on the surface of the Moon