Study shows how pandemic hit UAE



ABU DHABI // More than 350 people in Abu Dhabi were found to have the H1N1 swine-flu virus during the 2009 global pandemic.

Of the 1,379 suspected cases recorded across Abu Dhabi, Al Ain and the Western Region between May and August that year, 356 people - 109 women and 247 men - were diagnosed with swine flu. None died.

At the time there were an estimated two million people in the capital, 79 per cent of whom were expatriates. The highest number of cases were reported in the middle of July.

The figures have been revealed in a study carried out by the Health Authority - Abu Dhabi (Haad) for the period between May and August 2009, and released in the 18th volume of the Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal.

The first cases of swine flu worldwide were recorded in Mexico in March 2009. Months after, the World Health Organisation (Who) declared a global pandemic, with 74 countries reporting cases in June that year.

A man, 48, was the first person to be diagnosed in Abu Dhabi several days after returning from a trip to Canada, and a month before the official Who declaration.

"He presented to the hospital with symptoms of fever and sore throat two days after arrival," the study said. "The patient was admitted and given anti-viral treatment. The patient was confirmed to have H1N1 on May 20, 2009.

"He had a history of contact with two relatives who were also interviewed and advised to stay home for seven days."

All suspected cases were kept in isolation at hospital and given a course of anti-viral drugs.

With several countries reporting tens of thousands of cases - the US alone diagnosed 38,000 people with swine flu by July 2009 - the relatively low figures recorded in the UAE could be attributed to an old surveillance system, said Dr Al Mannaei.

"In 2009, we were developing an electronic system for notification and reporting of infectious diseases," she said. "That system was not yet live so there was a gap in reporting."

Despite some weaknesses in the old manual system, which was replaced in December 2009, Abu Dhabi and its surrounding areas dealt with the outbreak effectively, said Dr Al Mannaei.

"There were no ongoing standards for surveillance, however the response was immediate and reactive," she said.

With the electronic surveillance system in place, the emirate is equipped to handle any future pandemics, said Dr Mohamed Hamad, the infection control chief at Lifeline Hospital Abu Dhabi.

"There was a significant improvement because the health authority released Who guidelines, and they have asked all the hospitals and healthcare facilities to create policy and awareness sessions to educate staff, patients and visitors to the hospital," Dr Hamad said.

"From my experience and my observations, the number of cases has dropped."

With the National Influenza Centre based at Sharjah's Al Qassimi Hospital, surveillance of infectious disease is more efficient, said Dr Mansour Al Zarouni, the head of laboratories in Sharjah at the Ministry of Health.

For Haad, the pandemic resulted in a better system.

"We are more able to be actively reactive to infection," said Dr Al Mannaei. "The pandemic gave us the experience to know how to deal with this scale of biological disaster."

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PROFILE OF SWVL

Started: April 2017

Founders: Mostafa Kandil, Ahmed Sabbah and Mahmoud Nouh

Based: Cairo, Egypt

Sector: transport

Size: 450 employees

Investment: approximately $80 million

Investors include: Dubai’s Beco Capital, US’s Endeavor Catalyst, China’s MSA, Egypt’s Sawari Ventures, Sweden’s Vostok New Ventures, Property Finder CEO Michael Lahyani

Common OCD symptoms and how they manifest

Checking: the obsession or thoughts focus on some harm coming from things not being as they should, which usually centre around the theme of safety. For example, the obsession is “the building will burn down”, therefore the compulsion is checking that the oven is switched off.

Contamination: the obsession is focused on the presence of germs, dirt or harmful bacteria and how this will impact the person and/or their loved ones. For example, the obsession is “the floor is dirty; me and my family will get sick and die”, the compulsion is repetitive cleaning.

Orderliness: the obsession is a fear of sitting with uncomfortable feelings, or to prevent harm coming to oneself or others. Objectively there appears to be no logical link between the obsession and compulsion. For example,” I won’t feel right if the jars aren’t lined up” or “harm will come to my family if I don’t line up all the jars”, so the compulsion is therefore lining up the jars.

Intrusive thoughts: the intrusive thought is usually highly distressing and repetitive. Common examples may include thoughts of perpetrating violence towards others, harming others, or questions over one’s character or deeds, usually in conflict with the person’s true values. An example would be: “I think I might hurt my family”, which in turn leads to the compulsion of avoiding social gatherings.

Hoarding: the intrusive thought is the overvaluing of objects or possessions, while the compulsion is stashing or hoarding these items and refusing to let them go. For example, “this newspaper may come in useful one day”, therefore, the compulsion is hoarding newspapers instead of discarding them the next day.

Source: Dr Robert Chandler, clinical psychologist at Lighthouse Arabia

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Rating: 3.5 stars

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Rating: 3/5

Series result

1st ODI Zimbabwe won by 6 wickets

2nd ODI Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets

3rd ODI Sri Lanka won by 8 wickets

4th ODI Zimbabwe won by 4 wickets

5th ODI Zimbabwe won by 3 wickets

Europe’s rearming plan
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  • Use the existing EU budget to direct more funds towards defence-related investment
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  • Create a savings and investments union to help companies access capital
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Starring: Josh Hartnett, Saleka Shyamalan, Ariel Donaghue

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Name: Kumulus Water
 
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Produced by: Cinestaan Studios, T-Series

Directed by: Sandeep Reddy Vanga

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What are NFTs?

Are non-fungible tokens a currency, asset, or a licensing instrument? Arnab Das, global market strategist EMEA at Invesco, says they are mix of all of three.

You can buy, hold and use NFTs just like US dollars and Bitcoins. “They can appreciate in value and even produce cash flows.”

However, while money is fungible, NFTs are not. “One Bitcoin, dollar, euro or dirham is largely indistinguishable from the next. Nothing ties a dollar bill to a particular owner, for example. Nor does it tie you to to any goods, services or assets you bought with that currency. In contrast, NFTs confer specific ownership,” Mr Das says.

This makes NFTs closer to a piece of intellectual property such as a work of art or licence, as you can claim royalties or profit by exchanging it at a higher value later, Mr Das says. “They could provide a sustainable income stream.”

This income will depend on future demand and use, which makes NFTs difficult to value. “However, there is a credible use case for many forms of intellectual property, notably art, songs, videos,” Mr Das says.

23-man shortlist for next six Hall of Fame inductees

Tony Adams, David Beckham, Dennis Bergkamp, Sol Campbell, Eric Cantona, Andrew Cole, Ashley Cole, Didier Drogba, Les Ferdinand, Rio Ferdinand, Robbie Fowler, Steven Gerrard, Roy Keane, Frank Lampard, Matt Le Tissier, Michael Owen, Peter Schmeichel, Paul Scholes, John Terry, Robin van Persie, Nemanja Vidic, Patrick Viera, Ian Wright.

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Name: Dr Hassan Mohsen Elhais

Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.

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The specs: Lamborghini Aventador SVJ

Price, base: Dh1,731,672

Engine: 6.5-litre V12

Gearbox: Seven-speed automatic

Power: 770hp @ 8,500rpm

Torque: 720Nm @ 6,750rpm

Fuel economy: 19.6L / 100km

TEACHERS' PAY - WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

Pay varies significantly depending on the school, its rating and the curriculum. Here's a rough guide as of January 2021:

- top end schools tend to pay Dh16,000-17,000 a month - plus a monthly housing allowance of up to Dh6,000. These tend to be British curriculum schools rated 'outstanding' or 'very good', followed by American schools

- average salary across curriculums and skill levels is about Dh10,000, recruiters say

- it is becoming more common for schools to provide accommodation, sometimes in an apartment block with other teachers, rather than hand teachers a cash housing allowance

- some strong performing schools have cut back on salaries since the pandemic began, sometimes offering Dh16,000 including the housing allowance, which reflects the slump in rental costs, and sheer demand for jobs

- maths and science teachers are most in demand and some schools will pay up to Dh3,000 more than other teachers in recognition of their technical skills

- at the other end of the market, teachers in some Indian schools, where fees are lower and competition among applicants is intense, can be paid as low as Dh3,000 per month

- in Indian schools, it has also become common for teachers to share residential accommodation, living in a block with colleagues

It's up to you to go green

Nils El Accad, chief executive and owner of Organic Foods and Café, says going green is about “lifestyle and attitude” rather than a “money change”; people need to plan ahead to fill water bottles in advance and take their own bags to the supermarket, he says.

“People always want someone else to do the work; it doesn’t work like that,” he adds. “The first step: you have to consciously make that decision and change.”

When he gets a takeaway, says Mr El Accad, he takes his own glass jars instead of accepting disposable aluminium containers, paper napkins and plastic tubs, cutlery and bags from restaurants.

He also plants his own crops and herbs at home and at the Sheikh Zayed store, from basil and rosemary to beans, squashes and papayas. “If you’re going to water anything, better it be tomatoes and cucumbers, something edible, than grass,” he says.

“All this throwaway plastic - cups, bottles, forks - has to go first,” says Mr El Accad, who has banned all disposable straws, whether plastic or even paper, from the café chain.

One of the latest changes he has implemented at his stores is to offer refills of liquid laundry detergent, to save plastic. The two brands Organic Foods stocks, Organic Larder and Sonnett, are both “triple-certified - you could eat the product”.  

The Organic Larder detergent will soon be delivered in 200-litre metal oil drums before being decanted into 20-litre containers in-store.

Customers can refill their bottles at least 30 times before they start to degrade, he says. Organic Larder costs Dh35.75 for one litre and Dh62 for 2.75 litres and refills will cost 15 to 20 per cent less, Mr El Accad says.

But while there are savings to be had, going green tends to come with upfront costs and extra work and planning. Are we ready to refill bottles rather than throw them away? “You have to change,” says Mr El Accad. “I can only make it available.”

Water waste

In the UAE’s arid climate, small shrubs, bushes and flower beds usually require about six litres of water per square metre, daily. That increases to 12 litres per square metre a day for small trees, and 300 litres for palm trees.

Horticulturists suggest the best time for watering is before 8am or after 6pm, when water won't be dried up by the sun.

A global report published by the Water Resources Institute in August, ranked the UAE 10th out of 164 nations where water supplies are most stretched.

The Emirates is the world’s third largest per capita water consumer after the US and Canada.