Credit card issuers use AI to influence what you buy

A growing number of credit card companies are using artificial intelligence software to convince customers to use their credit card points in a certain way, be it redeeming their points for travel, dining, shopping or gift cards, with the goal of keeping those customers spending more and loyal to their cards.

Companies have used your past purchases to market you items for years. If you buy a tennis racket from Amazon, soon you'll get ads from Amazon trying to sell you tennis balls.

What credit card companies are doing differently is using other measurements that would typically not be associated with a particular type of consumer behaviour as predictors, according to Reuters. Banks and other credit card companies have some of the most intimate details on an average person's spending; knowing how much a person typically spends a month on particular categories and what merchants they shop at, and in some very limited cases, information on what exactly they purchased, such as a hotel room or airline tickets.

"It used to be 'we saw you shop at Apple, so we are going to send you ads for Apple'. Now, you may not have spent a dollar at Apple previously, but because you spend at other retailers or fit the profile of an Apple customer we can target you," said Jesse Wolfersberger, senior director of decision sciences at Maritz Motivation Solutions, a company that recently partnered with British bank HSBC on its credit card rewards programme.

In the case of Maritz, HSBC sent marketing emails to 75,000 customers using Maritz's algorithms. A portion of customers received an AI-recommended particular category of credit card reward - travel, merchandise, gift cards or cash back - while the rest received standard marketing emails. About 70 per cent of the targeted customers who ended up redeeming their points chose the recommendation generated by the computer, Mr Wolfersberger said.

"What we see is when people are more engaged with a rewards programme they tend to spend more," said Marcos Meneguzzi, head of cards at HSBC.

Other credit card companies have been using big data, or AI to predict where a customer will spend their money or market items to customers for a few years. American Express has a programme known as Amex Offers, which could be a coupon or additional reward points when a customer spends money at a particular merchant. Which American Express customer gets targeted for a particular offer depends on their spending behaviour, a company spokeswoman said.

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Customers can use this to their advantage as well. The more money you spent in a particular category of merchant, the more offers you're likely to get.

By creating programmes that get customers to spend money on the card, or use their reward points, the credit card companies keep customers more closely tied to the company's card and less likely to switch to a new one. Also it's in the company's best interest to get the customer to redeem points as cheaply as possible, so marketing that encourages a customer to use their points in a particular way could be beneficial to the company as well.

Right now companies are only able to adjust and market opportunities for customers to redeem their points in broad categories. Mr Wolfersberger expects credit card companies, using AI, will be able to market specific gift cards to customers or even specific products. It also could be possible for credit card companies to tweak their entire reward programmes based on changes in spending behaviour as well.

Meanwhile, at the high-end of the consumer scale, Robo-adviser start-ups are turning their attention to a different - and much wealthier - customer.

Betterment, the largest start-up in the automated financial advisory market, is adding a tool for some clients to adjust investment allocations in more granular ways. The service is limited to those with at least $100,000 under management by Betterment, says Bloomberg.

The product follows similar moves by two other robo-adviser start-ups in recent months. Ellevest, a women-focused investment platform founded by Wall Street veteran Sallie Krawcheck, introduced a private wealth management service late last year for clients willing to put in more than $1 million. Last month, Wealthfront added a tool to minimise investment risk for customers with $100,000 or more.

Services geared toward wealthy clients typically carry larger fees, which is appealing to a young company in search of profits. But there are doubts about whether high-net-worth individuals would be willing to move their assets to robots at an untested firm. This type of customer will “always demand face-to-face advice”, according to a report from analysts at Citigroup in 2016.