The Cold War had a cultural frontier, and it had a marked impact on the art of the Global South.
The Modern section at Art Dubai this year is highlighting connections that formed in this era, specifically between artists from the region and the former Soviet Union.
The geopolitical landscape following the Second World War was dominated by an ideological binary, as western powers and the Soviet Union scuffled to bring in as many countries as they could into their fold. While arms, science and ideology were the most apparent grounds for this face-off, art was not exempt.
Initiatives, scholarships, grants and group exhibitions were organised in hopes of luring artists to the West – to the US and its allies – or on the other side of the spectrum, the Soviet bloc. Ideology sometimes trickled into the works of artists as they were influenced by either side of this geopolitical tension and were swayed either towards socialist notions or the more individual-centric ideas of the West.
However, politics was by no means a definitive drive. Global South artists who travelled abroad went to places where opportunities arose for them, and as a consequence, they were inspired by the art history of these new destinations. A creative dialogue took hold as they merged their own cultural backgrounds with artistic movements they encountered. This paved the way for experimentation and resulted in works that upended expectations, blending disparate influences in novel ways.
However, today many are more familiar with how artists from the Global South responded to the influences that arose from countries such as the US, UK and France. Their Soviet counterparts have been left largely unexplored. This has a lot to do with how the Cold War ended, Christianna Bonin, curator of the Art Dubai Modern, says.
“How the various sort of global superpowers tried to engage with the Global South, the non-aligned countries in the 1950s and 1960s, the US was a huge part of that,” Bonin, who is also an assistant professor of art history at the American University of Sharjah, says. “We know more about that history because of the outcome of the Cold War, because the Soviet Union collapsed.”
Bonin has been researching the topic for more than a decade. Her research focuses on the artistic interactions that have formed from the 19th century onwards between Europe, Russia and Central Asia. Her scholarship was pivotal to how she approached the curation of Art Dubai Modern. The section features nine galleries, each of which is presenting artists from the Global South who had ties with the Soviet Union, whether directly or indirectly.
“Each of the artists that are in the section come from their own particular cultural backgrounds so they were affected by this new context in a different way,” she says. “It's really interesting because it plays out in many ways, so differently.”
Among the artists featured at Art Dubai Modern is Samuel Kakaire, a Ugandan artist who took cues from the Byzantine wall paintings and iconography that he encountered during his studies in Saint Petersburg. Kakaire’s work will be exhibited at Art Dubai by Afriart Gallery.
“In Uganda, it was really through music – through sound rather than through the visual – that things like hopes aspirations fears, social memory, were communicated,” Bonin says. “But Samuel Kakaire goes to Leningrad, he studies mosaics, goes to the Hermitage, sees icons, he’s learning how to paint with oil, learning how to restore gold leaf.”
For Kakaire, these are totally foreign materials that he encounters, and influenced by his own cultural background, begins to reimagine new ways of adapting iconographic approaches, producing, as Bonin says, “a totally different material world".
Another artist who was inspired by icon paintings was Chandraguptha Thenuwara. The Sri Lankan artist studied at the Surikov Academy in Moscow from 1985 to 1992.
“Some artists went to the Soviet Union in the 1980s and into the early 90s, they went right before it collapsed, and then they stayed. Chandraguptha is one of them. His tenure in the Soviet Union bridged its collapse, which is a different experience than an artist like Mahmoud Sabri, who goes there in the 1960s when there's much more of a sense that Soviet Union is forever, nobody thought that it would collapse,” Bonin says.
“Chandraguptha Thenuwara talks very openly about Perestroika, the kind of openness and dynamism of the place. He talks about the chaos of the collapse, the poverty that he sees. Thenuwara is similar to Sabri and Kakaire. He becomes fascinated with the icon as a way of expression. He uses it in his own work in very personal ways. He uses it not as religious image, but as something that he uses to talk about pain and suffering in his own country. It becomes a kind of visual vehicle for that.”
While Kakaire, Sabri and Thenuwara found inspiration in iconography, others were drawn to realism, such as Yemeni artist Hakim Al Akel, who studied at the Moscow State Academy in the years around the collapse of the Soviet Union. The artist, Bonin says, was drawn to the idea “that you could represent the human figure to tell a historical narrative. These types of expressions are really new to them". Several other artists were drawn to the realism that was an artistic pillar in the Soviet Union, including Syrian artist Abdul Mannan Shamma, whose work will also be displayed in the Modern section. Shamma, like Thenuwara, studied at the Surikov Academy of Fine Arts in Moscow. However, he attended the academy decades before, studying there between 1958 and 1966. Since then, he has become renowned for his murals and social realist paintings.
Then there were artists who sought to break away from traditional materials and approaches altogether, such as in the case of Marcos Grigorian, whose work will be exhibited by Leila Heller Gallery. The Iranian-Armenian artist is known for incorporating materials such as clay and straw in his works, alluding to the mixture used to build houses in Iranian villages.
“He's still kind of engaged with abstraction, because a lot of the shapes he uses are very basic shapes, but Grigorian's work is a lot a lot about place. It's connected to his native Iran,” Bonin says. “He has an incredible story. He’s Armenian-Iranian, born in Russia, lived in the United States for a while, he's really the kind of consummate global migrant artist of the 20th century.”
Like Girgorian, Ukrainian artist Fedir Tetianych also sought to break from traditional approaches in painting. “They were both very interested in just escaping oil on canvas as a medium,” Bonin says.
Tetianych, presented by Voloshyn Gallery, was an artist who didn’t really fit “in any of the typical academic boxes in Kyiv". He made art from found materials, scraps of paper, and earth, something along the vein of Arte Povera, an Italian artistic movement prevalent in the 1960s and 1970s that sought to use recycled and common materials to challenge the commercialisation of art. “It's not because he couldn't paint, he did make some paintings, but often they were on cardboard, some of those will be in the fair also,” Bonin says. “It’s just he was searching for different materials and really thinking about […] how Earth is the material, it doesn't have to be limited to a particular canvas.”
Also featured in the Art Dubai Modern is Dia Al Azzawi, represented by Dubai’s Meem Gallery. Unlike most of the artists being exhibited at Art Dubai Modern, the Iraqi artist did not study in the Soviet Union. But his presence in the section is vital, particularly as it signifies the Soviet Union’s interest in the artworks that were emerging from the Middle East and Africa in the mid-20th century.
“Meem is doing a really interesting booth that is focused on Iraq, including Mahmoud Sabri as well,” Bonin says. “Iraq in the 1960s was such a dynamic place for the arts. A character like Azzawi was not someone who studied in the Soviet Union, but whose work was included in exhibitions of Iraqi art that were organized by the Soviet Union. There were a few major exhibitions of Iraqi art – and one was in the late 1950s. There was another that circulated around a few cities in the 1960s. [Azzawi’s] work was featured in publications as well."
These works, Bonin says, are still important today, as they present some of the first publications that were made about regional artists.
“There was a huge interest in art from all over Arab countries and from African countries,” Bonin adds. “It was a part of the Soviet knowledge production about new places, newly independent countries or countries going through periods of unrest, upheaval, shifts that defined so much of the decolonizing world in this period.”
There are several other artists being highlighted in the section, each of whom gleaned specific aspects of the art prevalent in the Soviet Union and those exhibited in its museums. These include Lebanese artists Wahib Bteddini and Fatima El Hajj, Azerbaijani artist Ashraf Murad, as well as Saudi artist Abdulsattar Al Mussa.
It is worth noting that most of the artists being exhibited at Art Dubai Modern are men. In fact, the only female artist exhibited in the section is El Hajj, but that just touches upon the gender imbalance that was prevalent during that time.
“Fatima El Hajj is an exception, and I’m happy Mark Hachem is bringing her work. She studied painting in in Moscow, landscape painting, and she has these incredibly, like, vibrant, impressionistic paintings,” Bonin says. Nevertheless, her solitary presence as a woman poses certain questions about the opportunities, or lack thereof, presented to women artists from the Global South.
“It's interesting just to reflect the names we know, whose artworks were being promoted, what is the gender also the people who were going right, and who do we know about?” Bonin says. “The issue of gender is a question that’s of interest to me. Was it really mostly men who were going to these academies? Looking at the pictures, and the research that I've done, it is mostly men who you see going to the art academies or architecture schools.”
The more serious side of specialty coffee
While the taste of beans and freshness of roast is paramount to the specialty coffee scene, so is sustainability and workers’ rights.
The bulk of genuine specialty coffee companies aim to improve on these elements in every stage of production via direct relationships with farmers. For instance, Mokha 1450 on Al Wasl Road strives to work predominantly with women-owned and -operated coffee organisations, including female farmers in the Sabree mountains of Yemen.
Because, as the boutique’s owner, Garfield Kerr, points out: “women represent over 90 per cent of the coffee value chain, but are woefully underrepresented in less than 10 per cent of ownership and management throughout the global coffee industry.”
One of the UAE’s largest suppliers of green (meaning not-yet-roasted) beans, Raw Coffee, is a founding member of the Partnership of Gender Equity, which aims to empower female coffee farmers and harvesters.
Also, globally, many companies have found the perfect way to recycle old coffee grounds: they create the perfect fertile soil in which to grow mushrooms.
LAST-16 EUROPA LEAGUE FIXTURES
Wednesday (Kick-offs UAE)
FC Copenhagen (0) v Istanbul Basaksehir (1) 8.55pm
Shakhtar Donetsk (2) v Wolfsburg (1) 8.55pm
Inter Milan v Getafe (one leg only) 11pm
Manchester United (5) v LASK (0) 11pm
Thursday
Bayer Leverkusen (3) v Rangers (1) 8.55pm
Sevilla v Roma (one leg only) 8.55pm
FC Basel (3) v Eintracht Frankfurt (0) 11pm
Wolves (1) Olympiakos (1) 11pm
What can victims do?
Always use only regulated platforms
Stop all transactions and communication on suspicion
Save all evidence (screenshots, chat logs, transaction IDs)
Report to local authorities
Warn others to prevent further harm
Courtesy: Crystal Intelligence
The%20Roundup
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'Saand Ki Aankh'
Produced by: Reliance Entertainment with Chalk and Cheese Films
Director: Tushar Hiranandani
Cast: Taapsee Pannu, Bhumi Pednekar, Prakash Jha, Vineet Singh
Rating: 3.5/5 stars
Tips to keep your car cool
- Place a sun reflector in your windshield when not driving
- Park in shaded or covered areas
- Add tint to windows
- Wrap your car to change the exterior colour
- Pick light interiors - choose colours such as beige and cream for seats and dashboard furniture
- Avoid leather interiors as these absorb more heat
The Pope's itinerary
Sunday, February 3, 2019 - Rome to Abu Dhabi
1pm: departure by plane from Rome / Fiumicino to Abu Dhabi
10pm: arrival at Abu Dhabi Presidential Airport
Monday, February 4
12pm: welcome ceremony at the main entrance of the Presidential Palace
12.20pm: visit Abu Dhabi Crown Prince at Presidential Palace
5pm: private meeting with Muslim Council of Elders at Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque
6.10pm: Inter-religious in the Founder's Memorial
Tuesday, February 5 - Abu Dhabi to Rome
9.15am: private visit to undisclosed cathedral
10.30am: public mass at Zayed Sports City – with a homily by Pope Francis
12.40pm: farewell at Abu Dhabi Presidential Airport
1pm: departure by plane to Rome
5pm: arrival at the Rome / Ciampino International Airport
If you go
The Flights
Emirates and Etihad fly direct to Johannesburg from Dubai and Abu Dhabi respectively. Economy return tickets cost from Dh2,650, including taxes.
The trip
Worldwide Motorhoming Holidays (worldwidemotorhomingholidays.co.uk) operates fly-drive motorhome holidays in eight destinations, including South Africa. Its 14-day Kruger and the Battlefields itinerary starts from Dh17,500, including campgrounds, excursions, unit hire and flights. Bobo Campers has a range of RVs for hire, including the 4-berth Discoverer 4 from Dh600 per day.
Frida%20
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The%20specs
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EA Sports FC 26
Publisher: EA Sports
Consoles: PC, PlayStation 4/5, Xbox Series X/S
Rating: 3/5
Farage on Muslim Brotherhood
Nigel Farage told Reform's annual conference that the party will proscribe the Muslim Brotherhood if he becomes Prime Minister.
"We will stop dangerous organisations with links to terrorism operating in our country," he said. "Quite why we've been so gutless about this – both Labour and Conservative – I don't know.
“All across the Middle East, countries have banned and proscribed the Muslim Brotherhood as a dangerous organisation. We will do the very same.”
It is 10 years since a ground-breaking report into the Muslim Brotherhood by Sir John Jenkins.
Among the former diplomat's findings was an assessment that “the use of extreme violence in the pursuit of the perfect Islamic society” has “never been institutionally disowned” by the movement.
The prime minister at the time, David Cameron, who commissioned the report, said membership or association with the Muslim Brotherhood was a "possible indicator of extremism" but it would not be banned.
David Haye record
Total fights: 32
Wins: 28
Wins by KO: 26
Losses: 4
'Champions'
Director: Manuel Calvo
Stars: Yassir Al Saggaf and Fatima Al Banawi
Rating: 2/5
SPECS
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Selected fixtures
All times UAE
Wednesday
Poland v Portugal 10.45pm
Russia v Sweden 10.45pm
Friday
Belgium v Switzerland 10.45pm
Croatia v England 10.45pm
Saturday
Netherlands v Germany 10.45pm
Rep of Ireland v Denmark 10.45pm
Sunday
Poland v Italy 10.45pm
Monday
Spain v England 10.45pm
Tuesday
France v Germany 10.45pm
Rep of Ireland v Wales 10.45pm
THURSDAY'S FIXTURES
4pm Maratha Arabians v Northern Warriors
6.15pm Deccan Gladiators v Pune Devils
8.30pm Delhi Bulls v Bangla Tigers
Company%20Profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EName%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Raha%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202022%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Kuwait%2FSaudi%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EIndustry%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Tech%20Logistics%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunding%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%2414%20million%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Soor%20Capital%2C%20eWTP%20Arabia%20Capital%2C%20Aujan%20Enterprises%2C%20Nox%20Management%2C%20Cedar%20Mundi%20Ventures%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ENumber%20of%20employees%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20166%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
At Eternity’s Gate
Director: Julian Schnabel
Starring: Willem Dafoe, Oscar Isaacs, Mads Mikkelsen
Three stars
Skoda Superb Specs
Engine: 2-litre TSI petrol
Power: 190hp
Torque: 320Nm
Price: From Dh147,000
Available: Now
Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026
1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years
If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.
2. E-invoicing in the UAE
Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption.
3. More tax audits
Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks.
4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime
Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.
5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit
There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.
6. Further transfer pricing enforcement
Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes.
7. Limited time periods for audits
Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion.
8. Pillar 2 implementation
Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.
9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services
Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations.
10. Substance and CbC reporting focus
Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity.
Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer
How will Gen Alpha invest?
Mark Chahwan, co-founder and chief executive of robo-advisory firm Sarwa, forecasts that Generation Alpha (born between 2010 and 2024) will start investing in their teenage years and therefore benefit from compound interest.
“Technology and education should be the main drivers to make this happen, whether it’s investing in a few clicks or their schools/parents stepping up their personal finance education skills,” he adds.
Mr Chahwan says younger generations have a higher capacity to take on risk, but for some their appetite can be more cautious because they are investing for the first time. “Schools still do not teach personal finance and stock market investing, so a lot of the learning journey can feel daunting and intimidating,” he says.
He advises millennials to not always start with an aggressive portfolio even if they can afford to take risks. “We always advise to work your way up to your risk capacity, that way you experience volatility and get used to it. Given the higher risk capacity for the younger generations, stocks are a favourite,” says Mr Chahwan.
Highlighting the role technology has played in encouraging millennials and Gen Z to invest, he says: “They were often excluded, but with lower account minimums ... a customer with $1,000 [Dh3,672] in their account has their money working for them just as hard as the portfolio of a high get-worth individual.”
One-off T20 International: UAE v Australia
When: Monday, October 22, 2pm start
Where: Abu Dhabi Cricket, Oval 1
Tickets: Admission is free
Australia squad: Aaron Finch (captain), Mitch Marsh, Alex Carey, Ashton Agar, Nathan Coulter-Nile, Chris Lynn, Nathan Lyon, Glenn Maxwell, Ben McDermott, Darcy Short, Billy Stanlake, Mitchell Starc, Andrew Tye, Adam Zampa, Peter Siddle
Explainer: Tanween Design Programme
Non-profit arts studio Tashkeel launched this annual initiative with the intention of supporting budding designers in the UAE. This year, three talents were chosen from hundreds of applicants to be a part of the sixth creative development programme. These are architect Abdulla Al Mulla, interior designer Lana El Samman and graphic designer Yara Habib.
The trio have been guided by experts from the industry over the course of nine months, as they developed their own products that merge their unique styles with traditional elements of Emirati design. This includes laboratory sessions, experimental and collaborative practice, investigation of new business models and evaluation.
It is led by British contemporary design project specialist Helen Voce and mentor Kevin Badni, and offers participants access to experts from across the world, including the likes of UK designer Gareth Neal and multidisciplinary designer and entrepreneur, Sheikh Salem Al Qassimi.
The final pieces are being revealed in a worldwide limited-edition release on the first day of Downtown Designs at Dubai Design Week 2019. Tashkeel will be at stand E31 at the exhibition.
Lisa Ball-Lechgar, deputy director of Tashkeel, said: “The diversity and calibre of the applicants this year … is reflective of the dynamic change that the UAE art and design industry is witnessing, with young creators resolute in making their bold design ideas a reality.”
Match info:
Manchester City 2
Sterling (8'), Walker (52')
Newcastle United 1
Yedlin (30')
How Filipinos in the UAE invest
A recent survey of 10,000 Filipino expatriates in the UAE found that 82 per cent have plans to invest, primarily in property. This is significantly higher than the 2014 poll showing only two out of 10 Filipinos planned to invest.
Fifty-five percent said they plan to invest in property, according to the poll conducted by the New Perspective Media Group, organiser of the Philippine Property and Investment Exhibition. Acquiring a franchised business or starting up a small business was preferred by 25 per cent and 15 per cent said they will invest in mutual funds. The rest said they are keen to invest in insurance (3 per cent) and gold (2 per cent).
Of the 5,500 respondents who preferred property as their primary investment, 54 per cent said they plan to make the purchase within the next year. Manila was the top location, preferred by 53 per cent.
New Zealand 57-0 South Africa
Tries: Rieko Ioane, Nehe Milner-Skudder (2), Scott Barrett, Brodie Retallick, Ofa Tu'ungfasi, Lima Sopoaga, Codie Taylor. Conversions: Beauden Barrett (7). Penalty: Beauden Barrett
Analysis
Members of Syria's Alawite minority community face threat in their heartland after one of the deadliest days in country’s recent history. Read more
The stats
Ship name: MSC Bellissima
Ship class: Meraviglia Class
Delivery date: February 27, 2019
Gross tonnage: 171,598 GT
Passenger capacity: 5,686
Crew members: 1,536
Number of cabins: 2,217
Length: 315.3 metres
Maximum speed: 22.7 knots (42kph)
The%20specs
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Honeymoonish
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The specs
Engine: 5.0-litre supercharged V8
Transmission: Eight-speed auto
Power: 575bhp
Torque: 700Nm
Price: Dh554,000
On sale: now
