The newest extension to the Shoaiba power station in Saudi Arabia will burn almost 50,000 barrels of oil every day to generate 1,200 megawatts, a huge power output that is the equivalent of more than half the consumption of Jordan.
But within six months of its completion in 2013, the kingdom's growth in electricity use will mean even more is needed. For the Middle East's largest economy, the lesson of the past decade's unchecked consumption has become painfully clear: it must find alternatives to burning more and more of its most precious resource or risk undermining its cherished status as one of the world's largest exporters of oil.
With the obvious alternative, natural gas, in increasingly short supply and the government reluctant to raise prices for consumers, the solution, the government says, is to follow the UAE's lead and embark on an unprecedented build-up of nuclear power plants. Few doubt Saudi Arabia has the financial and technical resources to mount an ambitious nuclear programme. But nuclear power comes with political questions that lie in the hands of foreign government bodies, including the notoriously fickle US Congress.
A fleet of reactors producing seven times the total capacity that nuclear plants being built in the UAE will provide could meet the kingdom's minimum "base load" power needs, said Khalid Suleiman, the vice president for renewable energy at King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy. Nuclear reactors, running day and night, would supply the basic needs of industry and residents, while fossil-fuel powered plants would boost output during the hotter summer months to meet peak needs, he added.
"Between summer and winter there is a great gap of almost 40 per cent that we can utilise, that is where renewables and nuclear can play a role," he told an industry conference in Jeddah. "In 2030, there is a need of at least 40 gigawatts of base load in winter, this can be satisfied by nuclear. And in the summer we would increase it to 70 to 75gw." To put those figures in context, a typical gas-fired power station in the region produces 1.5gw and Abu Dhabi's grid in total supplies just over 10gw.
To access the civilian nuclear technology controlled by the small group of nuclear supplier countries, the Saudi government must conclude bilateral agreements that state it has no intention of building a nuclear weapon. Saudi Arabia is a signatory to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and would be able to acquire reactor technology from countries such as Russia or France. But it would also want to earn the backing of the US, as the UAE did last year, said Peter Jenkins, who served as Britain's ambassador to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) between 2001 and 2006, and is now an associate fellow of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy.
The US, in addition to being a close ally of Riyadh, operates the world's largest number of nuclear reactors and still manufactures many components used in plants of all designs. The former administration of George W Bush concluded a preliminary nuclear agreement with Saudi Arabia in 2008. However, any final US-Saudi co-operation deal, known as a 123 Agreement, would need the approval of Congress, which would be likely to set a number of conditions, Mr Jenkins said.
"It seems to me if the Americans are prepared to sell US$60 billion (Dh220.3bn) worth of military hardware to the Saudis, they're also ready to see them constructing nuclear reactors," Mr Jenkins said, referring to an arms deal expected to come before Congress this year. "I suppose there are some on the right in America and some under the influence of [Israeli lobbying groups] who might try and object to the deal but I think it would go through nonetheless."
To secure its own 123 Agreement last year, the UAE agreed to forego its right under the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty to enrich uranium into reactor fuel and said it would rely on imports instead. The Saudi government would almost certainly have to make the same pledge to Washington, said Michael Adler, a Middle East nuclear expert at the Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars, a nonpartisan think tank based in Washington.
"The bottom line is that any agreement going forward in the Middle East, to fly in the US Congress, would have to include a pledge not to do enrichment," he said. A consultant to the Saudi nuclear programme told Reuters in June that the kingdom had not ruled out the enrichment of domestic uranium reserves in its draft nuclear strategy but no government official has commented publicly on the matter.
A dress rehearsal of such negotiations is now playing out in neighbouring Jordan where the government plans to build a nuclear reactor by 2020 and is anxious to secure US approval but which has publicly baulked at giving up its right to enrichment. Kamal Khdier, a senior Jordanian nuclear official, suggested recently in Dubai that the two sides would reach a compromise solution by the end of the year in which Jordan maintained its enrichment rights but assured the US that it had no intention of acting on them for decades, if ever.
Based on his own conversations with senior sources in Congress, Mr Adler said it appeared a co-operation deal with Saudi Arabia would earn approval if Riyadh were willing to take the same conditions as Abu Dhabi. The US dispute with Iran over its own nuclear programme and its imminent start-up of a nuclear reactor at Bushehr only boosted the case for an agreement, he said. "I think it's hard to say no to Saudi Arabia if you've got Iran running Bushehr, the UAE getting a 123 Agreement and we're wrestling something out with Jordan," he said. "Saudi Arabia is one of the major states in the region, how can you say no to them?"
cstanton@thenational.ae
if you go
The flights
Etihad, Emirates and Singapore Airlines fly direct from the UAE to Singapore from Dh2,265 return including taxes. The flight takes about 7 hours.
The hotel
Rooms at the M Social Singapore cost from SG $179 (Dh488) per night including taxes.
The tour
Makan Makan Walking group tours costs from SG $90 (Dh245) per person for about three hours. Tailor-made tours can be arranged. For details go to www.woknstroll.com.sg
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
The biog
Place of birth: Kalba
Family: Mother of eight children and has 10 grandchildren
Favourite traditional dish: Al Harees, a slow cooked porridge-like dish made from boiled cracked or coarsely ground wheat mixed with meat or chicken
Favourite book: My early life by Sheikh Dr Sultan bin Muhammad Al Qasimi, the Ruler of Sharjah
Favourite quote: By Sheikh Zayed, the UAE's Founding Father, “Those who have no past will have no present or future.”
The story in numbers
18
This is how many recognised sects Lebanon is home to, along with about four million citizens
450,000
More than this many Palestinian refugees are registered with UNRWA in Lebanon, with about 45 per cent of them living in the country’s 12 refugee camps
1.5 million
There are just under 1 million Syrian refugees registered with the UN, although the government puts the figure upwards of 1.5m
73
The percentage of stateless people in Lebanon, who are not of Palestinian origin, born to a Lebanese mother, according to a 2012-2013 study by human rights organisation Frontiers Ruwad Association
18,000
The number of marriages recorded between Lebanese women and foreigners between the years 1995 and 2008, according to a 2009 study backed by the UN Development Programme
77,400
The number of people believed to be affected by the current nationality law, according to the 2009 UN study
4,926
This is how many Lebanese-Palestinian households there were in Lebanon in 2016, according to a census by the Lebanese-Palestinian dialogue committee
What can victims do?
Always use only regulated platforms
Stop all transactions and communication on suspicion
Save all evidence (screenshots, chat logs, transaction IDs)
Report to local authorities
Warn others to prevent further harm
Courtesy: Crystal Intelligence
Haircare resolutions 2021
From Beirut and Amman to London and now Dubai, hairstylist George Massoud has seen the same mistakes made by customers all over the world. In the chair or at-home hair care, here are the resolutions he wishes his customers would make for the year ahead.
1. 'I will seek consultation from professionals'
You may know what you want, but are you sure it’s going to suit you? Haircare professionals can tell you what will work best with your skin tone, hair texture and lifestyle.
2. 'I will tell my hairdresser when I’m not happy'
Massoud says it’s better to offer constructive criticism to work on in the future. Your hairdresser will learn, and you may discover how to communicate exactly what you want more effectively the next time.
3. ‘I will treat my hair better out of the chair’
Damage control is a big part of most hairstylists’ work right now, but it can be avoided. Steer clear of over-colouring at home, try and pursue one hair brand at a time and never, ever use a straightener on still drying hair, pleads Massoud.
Company profile
Name: Fruitful Day
Founders: Marie-Christine Luijckx, Lyla Dalal AlRawi, Lindsey Fournie
Based: Dubai, UAE
Founded: 2015
Number of employees: 30
Sector: F&B
Funding so far: Dh3 million
Future funding plans: None at present
Future markets: Saudi Arabia, potentially Kuwait and other GCC countries
Company%20Profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20myZoi%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202021%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Syed%20Ali%2C%20Christian%20Buchholz%2C%20Shanawaz%20Rouf%2C%20Arsalan%20Siddiqui%2C%20Nabid%20Hassan%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20UAE%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ENumber%20of%20staff%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%2037%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Initial%20undisclosed%20funding%20from%20SC%20Ventures%3B%20second%20round%20of%20funding%20totalling%20%2414%20million%20from%20a%20consortium%20of%20SBI%2C%20a%20Japanese%20VC%20firm%2C%20and%20SC%20Venture%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Gulf Under 19s final
Dubai College A 50-12 Dubai College B
Company%C2%A0profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ELeap%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EMarch%202021%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Ziad%20Toqan%20and%20Jamil%20Khammu%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFinTech%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EPre-seed%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunds%20raised%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Undisclosed%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeven%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
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Super%20Mario%20Bros%20Wonder
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EDeveloper%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ENintendo%20EPD%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPublisher%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ENintendo%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EConsole%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ENintendo%20Switch%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E4%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
More on Quran memorisation:
The%C2%A0specs%20
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Killing of Qassem Suleimani
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UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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The specs
- Engine: 3.9-litre twin-turbo V8
- Power: 640hp
- Torque: 760nm
- On sale: 2026
- Price: Not announced yet
Top financial tips for graduates
Araminta Robertson, of the Financially Mint blog, shares her financial advice for university leavers:
1. Build digital or technical skills: After graduation, people can find it extremely hard to find jobs. From programming to digital marketing, your early twenties are for building skills. Future employers will want people with tech skills.
2. Side hustle: At 16, I lived in a village and started teaching online, as well as doing work as a virtual assistant and marketer. There are six skills you can use online: translation; teaching; programming; digital marketing; design and writing. If you master two, you’ll always be able to make money.
3. Networking: Knowing how to make connections is extremely useful. Use LinkedIn to find people who have the job you want, connect and ask to meet for coffee. Ask how they did it and if they know anyone who can help you. I secured quite a few clients this way.
4. Pay yourself first: The minute you receive any income, put about 15 per cent aside into a savings account you won’t touch, to go towards your emergency fund or to start investing. I do 20 per cent. It helped me start saving immediately.
Global state-owned investor ranking by size
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1.
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United States
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2.
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China
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3.
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UAE
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4.
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Japan
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5
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Norway
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6.
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Canada
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7.
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Singapore
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8.
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Australia
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9.
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Saudi Arabia
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10.
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South Korea
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COMPANY PROFILE
Name: Qyubic
Started: October 2023
Founder: Namrata Raina
Based: Dubai
Sector: E-commerce
Current number of staff: 10
Investment stage: Pre-seed
Initial investment: Undisclosed
Results
4pm: Al Bastakiya Listed US$300,000 (Dirt) 1,900m; Winner: Emblem Storm, Oisin Murphy (jockey), Satish Seemar (trainer).
4.35pm: Mahab Al Shimaal Group 3 $350,000 (D) 1,200m; Winner: Wafy, Tadhg O’Shea, Satish Seemar.
5.10pm: Nad Al Sheba Turf Group 3 $350,000 (Turf) 1,200m; Winner: Wildman Jack, Fernando Jara, Doug O’Neill.
5.45pm: Burj Nahaar Group 3 $350,000 (D) 1,600m; Winner: Salute The Soldier, Adrie de Vries, Fawzi Nass.
6.20pm: Jebel Hatta Group 1 $400,000 (T) 1,800m; Winner: Barney Roy, William Buick, Charlie Appleby.
6.55pm: Al Maktoum Challenge Round-3 Group 1 $600,000 (D) 2,000m; Winner: Matterhorn, Mickael Barzalona, Salem bin Ghadayer.
7.30pm: Dubai City Of Gold Group 2 $350,000 (T) 2,410m; Winner: Loxley, Mickael Barzalona, Charlie Appleby.
Remaining fixtures
- August 29 – UAE v Saudi Arabia, Hazza bin Zayed Stadium, Al Ain
- September 5 – Iraq v UAE, Amman, Jordan (venue TBC)
DMZ facts
- The DMZ was created as a buffer after the 1950-53 Korean War.
- It runs 248 kilometers across the Korean Peninsula and is 4km wide.
- The zone is jointly overseen by the US-led United Nations Command and North Korea.
- It is littered with an estimated 2 million mines, tank traps, razor wire fences and guard posts.
- Donald Trump and Kim Jong-Un met at a building in Panmunjom, where an armistice was signed to stop the Korean War.
- Panmunjom is 52km north of the Korean capital Seoul and 147km south of Pyongyang, North Korea’s capital.
- Former US president Bill Clinton visited Panmunjom in 1993, while Ronald Reagan visited the DMZ in 1983, George W. Bush in 2002 and Barack Obama visited a nearby military camp in 2012.
- Mr Trump planned to visit in November 2017, but heavy fog that prevented his helicopter from landing.
Most sought after workplace benefits in the UAE
- Flexible work arrangements
- Pension support
- Mental well-being assistance
- Insurance coverage for optical, dental, alternative medicine, cancer screening
- Financial well-being incentives
The specs: 2018 Nissan 370Z Nismo
The specs: 2018 Nissan 370Z Nismo
Price, base / as tested: Dh182,178
Engine: 3.7-litre V6
Power: 350hp @ 7,400rpm
Torque: 374Nm @ 5,200rpm
Transmission: Seven-speed automatic
Fuel consumption, combined: 10.5L / 100km
More on Quran memorisation:
UAE currency: the story behind the money in your pockets
