Austria's Parliament on Thursday approved making Covid-19 vaccinations mandatory for adults from next month, becoming the first European country to do so despite a wave of protests opposing the measure.
Tens of thousands have demonstrated against mandatory vaccination in regular weekend rallies since the measure was announced in November in a bid to drive up the country's vaccination rate.
All parties, except those on the far right, supported the measure, with the new legislation passing with 137 votes in favour and 33 votes against in the 183-seat Parliament.
“It is adopted with the [necessary] majority,” Doris Bures, second president of the National Council, said.
To date, 72 per cent of Austrian residents have been fully vaccinated against the coronavirus — in line with the EU-wide average of a little more than 70 per cent, but several percentage points below regional neighbours such as Italy and France.
Under the new law, which takes effect on February 4, those holding out against the shot can face fines of up to 3,600 euros from mid-March after an initial “introductory phase".
The government initially wanted to cover everyone aged 14 and older, but now the measure only applies to adults, except pregnant women and those with a medical exemption.
The overwhelming majority of MPs from all parties voted in favour of the law, with the leaders of the opposition Social Democrats (SPO) and the liberal NEOS lending their backing to the centre right-green coalition.
The only significant opposition came from the far-right Freedom Party (FPO), which has courted anti-vaccination voters.
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FPO leader Herbert Kickl railed against the law in the charged parliamentary debate on Thursday, claiming it “paves the way to totalitarianism in Austria".
He vowed that he himself would continue to refuse vaccination in defiance of the new law.
“Vaccination is an opportunity for our society to achieve lasting and continuous freedom, because the virus cannot restrict us any further,” centre-right Chancellor Karl Nehammer told reporters before the debate.
Green Health Minister Wolfgang Mueckstein called during the debate on “all citizens to question myths around vaccination”, insisting that “all the evidence indicates that the vaccines available in Austria are safe".
However, some Austrians are still unconvinced of the merits of vaccination, with a couple of hundred opponents of the law gathering for a noisy protest near Parliament on Thursday morning.
One of the protesters said she felt the law ran against the constitution and ignored the fact that “we are meant to have certain basic rights".
Others present maintained that too few studies had been carried out on the long-term effects of the shots and that they would resist paying any potential fines.
On Wednesday, the government announced it was setting up “security zones” around health facilities and vaccination centres so that the police can turn away anyone “causing difficulties”, including demonstrators.
To incentivise those who may still be wavering, the government is launching a lottery for all those vaccinated with prizes of 500-euro vouchers to be used in shops, hotels and restaurants as well as culture and sports venues.
Austria has to date recorded almost 14,000 Covid-related deaths and 1.5 million cases in a population of about nine million.
The daily infection tolls continue to break records, hitting a new high of more than 27,600 on Wednesday.
Compulsory vaccinations against Covid-19 remain rare worldwide, though Ecuador, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Indonesia and Micronesia have introduced such programmes.
