Dozens of countries are working together to ensure that a race to the Moon does not descend into conflict as the US and China try to establish a human presence there.
Signatories to the Artemis Accords, a US-led international agreement that outlines responsible exploration, met in Sydney on Tuesday during the International Astronautical Congress, the world's largest gathering of its kind.
They discussed ways to prevent interference in missions, including the need for transparency around launch timelines, planned activities and landing sites, measures to manage orbital debris and sharing scientific data. The accords were signed in 2020 by eight founding members and now 56 countries have joined.
The UAE, which co-chaired the meeting, is a founding member. “Through our active participation in the Artemis Accords and by organising specialised workshops, we aim to reinforce the principles of transparency, sustainability and innovation in space activities,” said Dr Ahmad Al Falasi, UAE Minister of Sports and Chairman of the UAE Space Agency. “This reflects the UAE’s unwavering commitment to enhancing international co-operation in space exploration and promoting the peaceful use of space.”
Avoiding conflict on lunar surface
China is not a signatory to the accords, but co-ordination will become inevitable as more Moon missions take place, said Dr Dimitra Atri, principal investigator at NYU Abu Dhabi’s space exploration laboratory.
“As lunar traffic increases, basic co-ordination becomes unavoidable, just as it did in Earth orbit during the Cold War,” he said.
“History suggests spacefaring nations generally follow basic operational norms such as avoiding debris, frequency co-ordination and distress response, because it is in everyone’s self-interest. The real question is not if, but what mechanism they will use.”
Dr Atri said that competition between the US and China could open opportunities.
“Smaller nations gain access to lunar infrastructure, transportation and data they could not afford independently,” he said. “Multiple lunar bases actually increase options compared to a monopoly scenario.”
Who will be there first?
The US is preparing to send four astronauts around the Moon on the Artemis II mission in April 2026 as part of its goal of landing a crew on the surface this decade.
China had announced its goal to land astronauts by or around 2030, though their “plans are very secretive”, said Dr Gordon Osinski, Earth sciences professor at the Western University in Ontario, Canada.
“With this schedule and assuming no more delays, the US and its international partners should still be there first,” said Dr Osinski, who is also a geology team member for Nasa’s Artemis III, a Moon landing mission.
Private industry is helping Nasa to make its Artemis goals a reality, including Elon Musk's SpaceX and Jeff Bezos's Blue Origin. They have contracts to build landers that will take astronauts to the lunar surface.
“For human exploration, private companies are involved, but they always have been and always will be,” said Dr Osinski. “Nasa contracts private companies to build the technologies needed to return humans to the Moon. For Artemis, all of the technology is new and must be tested again and again to make sure it is up to the task of transporting humans safely to the lunar surface.”
Sean Duffy, US Secretary of Transportation, was appointed by President Donald Trump to lead Nasa as interim administrator. He said since the Artemis Accords were signed five years ago, the “coalition is stronger than ever”.
“This is critical as we seek to beat China to the Moon, not just to leave footprints, but this time to stay,” Mr Duffy said in a statement released after the Artemis Accords meeting.
Plans are in place for the Artemis II and Artemis III missions. However, there is uncertainty on whether the Artemis programme is sustainable because each launch of the Super Launch System (SLS) rocket reportedly costs up to $4 billion.
Mr Musk had said that those launches on his Starship rocket could be at a fraction of a cost, though, the rockets are still in development.
“With the future of Nasa’s SLS and Orion uncertain due to rising costs and limited reusability, Starship is increasingly emerging as the de facto backbone of US launch infrastructure,” said Lin Kayser, co-founder of Dubai company Leap 71, which develops artificial intelligence models to design rocket engines.
China is also moving quickly towards its goal of landing astronauts on the Moon by 2030.
Its new Lanyue lunar lander has successfully carried out touchdown and lift-off trials, and the Mengzhou crew capsule cleared a critical launch-escape demonstration.
China's space programme used to be mostly closed off to foreign partners, but it has started opening up to co-operation in recent years, with partnerships formed with Russia, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
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Avatar: Fire and Ash
Director: James Cameron
Starring: Sam Worthington, Sigourney Weaver, Zoe Saldana
Rating: 4.5/5
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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F1 The Movie
Starring: Brad Pitt, Damson Idris, Kerry Condon, Javier Bardem
Director: Joseph Kosinski
Rating: 4/5
Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.
Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.
“Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.
“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.
Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.
From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.
Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.
BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.
Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.
Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.
“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.
Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.
“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.
“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”
The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”
SCHEDULE
Thursday, December 6
08.00-15.00 Technical scrutineering
15.00-17.00 Extra free practice
Friday, December 7
09.10-09.30 F4 free practice
09.40-10.00 F4 time trials
10.15-11.15 F1 free practice
14.00 F4 race 1
15.30 BRM F1 qualifying
Saturday, December 8
09.10-09.30 F4 free practice
09.40-10.00 F4 time trials
10.15-11.15 F1 free practice
14.00 F4 race 2
15.30 Grand Prix of Abu Dhabi
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It provided services to around 200 ports across 50 countries.
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Teachers' pay - what you need to know
Pay varies significantly depending on the school, its rating and the curriculum. Here's a rough guide as of January 2021:
- top end schools tend to pay Dh16,000-17,000 a month - plus a monthly housing allowance of up to Dh6,000. These tend to be British curriculum schools rated 'outstanding' or 'very good', followed by American schools
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- some strong performing schools have cut back on salaries since the pandemic began, sometimes offering Dh16,000 including the housing allowance, which reflects the slump in rental costs, and sheer demand for jobs
- maths and science teachers are most in demand and some schools will pay up to Dh3,000 more than other teachers in recognition of their technical skills
- at the other end of the market, teachers in some Indian schools, where fees are lower and competition among applicants is intense, can be paid as low as Dh3,000 per month
- in Indian schools, it has also become common for teachers to share residential accommodation, living in a block with colleagues
Super Rugby play-offs
Quarter-finals
- Hurricanes 35, ACT 16
- Crusaders 17, Highlanders 0
- Lions 23, Sharks 21
- Chiefs 17, Stormers 11
Semi-finals
Saturday, July 29
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The President's Cake
Director: Hasan Hadi
Starring: Baneen Ahmad Nayyef, Waheed Thabet Khreibat, Sajad Mohamad Qasem
Rating: 4/5
Uefa Nations League: How it works
The Uefa Nations League, introduced last year, has reached its final stage, to be played over five days in northern Portugal. The format of its closing tournament is compact, spread over two semi-finals, with the first, Portugal versus Switzerland in Porto on Wednesday evening, and the second, England against the Netherlands, in Guimaraes, on Thursday.
The winners of each semi will then meet at Porto’s Dragao stadium on Sunday, with the losing semi-finalists contesting a third-place play-off in Guimaraes earlier that day.
Qualifying for the final stage was via League A of the inaugural Nations League, in which the top 12 European countries according to Uefa's co-efficient seeding system were divided into four groups, the teams playing each other twice between September and November. Portugal, who finished above Italy and Poland, successfully bid to host the finals.
Benefits of first-time home buyers' scheme
- Priority access to new homes from participating developers
- Discounts on sales price of off-plan units
- Flexible payment plans from developers
- Mortgages with better interest rates, faster approval times and reduced fees
- DLD registration fee can be paid through banks or credit cards at zero interest rates
RESULT
Wolves 1 (Traore 67')
Tottenham 2 (Moura 8', Vertonghen 90 1')
Man of the Match: Adama Traore (Wolves)
The%20specs%3A%202024%20Mercedes%20E200
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SPECS
Mini John Cooper Works Clubman and Mini John Cooper Works Countryman
Engine: two-litre 4-cylinder turbo
Transmission: nine-speed automatic
Power: 306hp
Torque: 450Nm
Price: JCW Clubman, Dh220,500; JCW Countryman, Dh225,500
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EPL's youngest
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Killing of Qassem Suleimani
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Tonight's Chat on The National
Tonight's Chat is a series of online conversations on The National. The series features a diverse range of celebrities, politicians and business leaders from around the Arab world.
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Intellectually curious and thought-provoking, Tonight’s Chat moves the conversation forward.
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Directed by: Walt Dohrn, David Smith
Starring: Anna Kendrick, Justin Timberlake
Rating: 4 stars
West Asia Premiership
Dubai Hurricanes 58-10 Dubai Knights Eagles
Dubai Tigers 5-39 Bahrain
Jebel Ali Dragons 16-56 Abu Dhabi Harlequins
THE%20SWIMMERS
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MATCH INFO
Champions League quarter-final, first leg
Ajax v Juventus, Wednesday, 11pm (UAE)
Match on BeIN Sports