• A researcher adjusts a fish-operated vehicle, developed at Ben-Gurion University in Israel. All photos: Reuters
    A researcher adjusts a fish-operated vehicle, developed at Ben-Gurion University in Israel. All photos: Reuters
  • A goldfish navigates around the room using the fish-operated vehicle.
    A goldfish navigates around the room using the fish-operated vehicle.
  • Six goldfish each received about 10 driving lessons in the study.
    Six goldfish each received about 10 driving lessons in the study.
  • Showing that a fish has the cognitive capability to navigate outside its natural environment of water can expand scientific knowledge of animals' essential navigation skills, experts say.
    Showing that a fish has the cognitive capability to navigate outside its natural environment of water can expand scientific knowledge of animals' essential navigation skills, experts say.

Goldfish learn how to drive robotic car in Israel


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Goldfish in Israel have learnt to drive a robotic car.

A team of researchers at Ben-Gurion University developed a fish-operated vehicle to prove the freshwater fish can navigate on land.

The vehicle is fitted with lidar remote-sensing technology, which uses pulsed laser light to collect data on the vehicle's ground location and the fish's position inside the tank.

A computer, camera, electric motors and omni-wheels give the fish control of the vehicle.

Six goldfish each received about 10 driving lessons in the study.

“Surprisingly, it doesn't take the fish a long time to learn how to drive the vehicle,” researcher Shachar Givon told Reuters. “They're confused at first. They don't know what's going on but they're very quick to realise that there is a correlation between their movement and the movement of the machine that they're in.”

Six goldfish each received about 10 driving lessons in a study at Ben-Gurion University, in Israel. All photos: Reuters
Six goldfish each received about 10 driving lessons in a study at Ben-Gurion University, in Israel. All photos: Reuters

Each time one of them reached a target set by the researchers, it was rewarded with food.

And some goldfish are better drivers than others.

“There were very good fish that were doing excellent and there were mediocre fish that showed control of the vehicle but were less proficient in driving it,” said biology professor and neuroscientist Ronen Segev.

Goldfish in the study were rewarded with food each time they reached a target set by the researchers.
Goldfish in the study were rewarded with food each time they reached a target set by the researchers.

Showing that a fish has the cognitive capability to navigate outside its natural environment of water can expand scientific knowledge of animals' essential navigation skills.

“We humans think of ourselves as very special and many think of fish as primitive but this is not correct,” said Mr Segev. “There are other very important and very smart creatures.”

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Mercer, the investment consulting arm of US services company Marsh & McLennan, expects its wealth division to at least double its assets under management (AUM) in the Middle East as wealth in the region continues to grow despite economic headwinds, a company official said.

Mercer Wealth, which globally has $160 billion in AUM, plans to boost its AUM in the region to $2-$3bn in the next 2-3 years from the present $1bn, said Yasir AbuShaban, a Dubai-based principal with Mercer Wealth.

Within the next two to three years, we are looking at reaching $2 to $3 billion as a conservative estimate and we do see an opportunity to do so,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Mercer does not directly make investments, but allocates clients’ money they have discretion to, to professional asset managers. They also provide advice to clients.

“We have buying power. We can negotiate on their (client’s) behalf with asset managers to provide them lower fees than they otherwise would have to get on their own,” he added.

Mercer Wealth’s clients include sovereign wealth funds, family offices, and insurance companies among others.

From its office in Dubai, Mercer also looks after Africa, India and Turkey, where they also see opportunity for growth.

Wealth creation in Middle East and Africa (MEA) grew 8.5 per cent to $8.1 trillion last year from $7.5tn in 2015, higher than last year’s global average of 6 per cent and the second-highest growth in a region after Asia-Pacific which grew 9.9 per cent, according to consultancy Boston Consulting Group (BCG). In the region, where wealth grew just 1.9 per cent in 2015 compared with 2014, a pickup in oil prices has helped in wealth generation.

BCG is forecasting MEA wealth will rise to $12tn by 2021, growing at an annual average of 8 per cent.

Drivers of wealth generation in the region will be split evenly between new wealth creation and growth of performance of existing assets, according to BCG.

Another general trend in the region is clients’ looking for a comprehensive approach to investing, according to Mr AbuShaban.

“Institutional investors or some of the families are seeing a slowdown in the available capital they have to invest and in that sense they are looking at optimizing the way they manage their portfolios and making sure they are not investing haphazardly and different parts of their investment are working together,” said Mr AbuShaban.

Some clients also have a higher appetite for risk, given the low interest-rate environment that does not provide enough yield for some institutional investors. These clients are keen to invest in illiquid assets, such as private equity and infrastructure.

“What we have seen is a desire for higher returns in what has been a low-return environment specifically in various fixed income or bonds,” he said.

“In this environment, we have seen a de facto increase in the risk that clients are taking in things like illiquid investments, private equity investments, infrastructure and private debt, those kind of investments were higher illiquidity results in incrementally higher returns.”

The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, one of the largest sovereign wealth funds, said in its 2016 report that has gradually increased its exposure in direct private equity and private credit transactions, mainly in Asian markets and especially in China and India. The authority’s private equity department focused on structured equities owing to “their defensive characteristics.”

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