The Vatican said on Wednesday that Pope Francis has created a new commission of experts to examine whether women should be made deacons, an ordained role in the Catholic Church currently reserved for men.
The 10-member commission, the second of Francis’ pontificate to study the issue, includes equal numbers of men and women representing the US and six European countries.
Deacons are ordained ministers who perform many of the same functions as priests. They preside at weddings, baptisms and funerals, and they can preach. They cannot celebrate Mass.
Married men can be ordained as deacons. Women cannot, although historians said women served as deacons in the early Christian church.
In response to women demanding to be given greater roles in the 21st century, Francis established a commission in 2016 to study female deacons in the early church. But the members failed to reach a consensus and the group effectively ended its work.
The issue was revived during Francis’ 2019 summit on the Amazon. The region’s bishops called for the question of women deacons to be revisited given the shortage or priests in the vast territory. Francis agreed, and the latest commission appears to be his follow-up.
Significantly, the scope of the commission’s mandate does not appear to be limited to the early church, as was the 2016 commission. Amazonian bishops had called for the real-life experiences of their region’s Catholic faithful to be taken into consideration in any new evaluation.
Advocates for expanding the ministry to include women said doing so would give women a greater role in ministry and the governance of the church, while also helping to address shortages of priests in several parts of the world.
Opponents said allowing women to be deacons would be a first step towards ordaining women to the priesthood. The Catholic Church reserves the priesthood for men, saying that Christ chose men as his apostles. Francis has repeatedly reaffirmed the teaching.
The new commission has as its president the archbishop of the central Italian city of L’Aquila, Cardinal Giuseppe Petrocchi. Fr Denis Dupont-Fauville, an official from the Holy See’s powerful Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, was named as his assistant.
