An overview of Iran’s Natanz nuclear site, south of the capital Tehran. AFP / Maxar Technologies
An overview of Iran’s Natanz nuclear site, south of the capital Tehran. AFP / Maxar Technologies
An overview of Iran’s Natanz nuclear site, south of the capital Tehran. AFP / Maxar Technologies
An overview of Iran’s Natanz nuclear site, south of the capital Tehran. AFP / Maxar Technologies

Iran accelerates underground nuclear site construction at Natanz


Robert Tollast
  • English
  • Arabic

Iran has accelerated its nuclear research and construction programme at the underground site of Natanz.

A report by the Institute for Science and International Security, a think tank, follows a sharp deterioration in relations between Iran and the UN nuclear watchdog monitoring Tehran’s nuclear programme.

Iran’s Parliament passed legislation in November mandating the accelerated enrichment of uranium to 20 per cent purity.

Analysts fear these plans, which were underway last week, could shorten Iran’s “breakout” time required to develop a nuclear weapon.

The institute analysed high-resolution satellite photographs, commercially available from imagery provider Maxar, which have been annotated by the Institute to highlight the extent of construction. Work at the site has increased since October.

It said changes on the ground in recent months are notable: storage for explosives is visible, identified by distinctive earth barriers built around small buildings, designed to absorb the force of a blast – accidental or otherwise.

In July, a building at the site was destroyed in an explosion, which Iran suspects was sabotage. Israel has been conducting a long campaign within Iran, damaging nuclear centres and assassinating nuclear scientists.

  • An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
    An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
  • An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
    An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
  • An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
    An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
  • An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP
    An overview of Iran's Natanz nuclear facility, south of the capital Tehran. Maxar Technologies / AFP

The report asserts that Iran is excavating rock, blasting and clearing deep passages into the mountains. The completion of this work will mean Iran’s expanded uranium enrichment facilities will be difficult, if not impossible, to strike from the air.

High-voltage pylons can also be seen, as can lorries and machinery, indicating accelerated work since October, when the institute last published analysis of the site.

“Since our October 30, 2020, report on the construction of a new centrifuge assembly facility in the mountains near the Natanz enrichment plant, construction has progressed and tunnel entrance locations can now be identified with certainty,” the institute said.

“Most importantly, newly available high-resolution satellite imagery confirms that construction is progressing rapidly at the largest mountain in the area, the most likely future location for the new underground assembly facility.”

Conflict risk

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has long said Iran’s nuclear activities could cross a “red line”, implying a

point at which Israel could seek military action.

In November 2012, Mr Netanyahu told Israeli TV he was prepared to order a unilateral attack on Iranian facilities.

“I am, of course, ready to press the button if necessary,” he said.

Mr Netanyahu singled out the Natanz site in an address to US Congress in March 2015.

“Iran was also caught – caught twice, not once – operating secret nuclear facilities in Natanz and Qom, facilities that inspectors didn’t even know existed,” he said.

The recent commercially available satellite images at least show how difficult it has become for Iran to hide proscribed nuclear activities.

But Mr Netanyahu and the outgoing administration of President Donald Trump are pushing to hinder any revised form of the “nuclear agreement” under the forthcoming administration of president-elect Joe Biden.

The US has recently stepped up sanctions against the Iranian regime. The extent of trade restrictions will now make it hard to enforce any new agreement, at least in the near term.

President-elect Joe Biden wants to revisit the nuclear deal, negotiated under the presidency of Barack Obama and in place between 2015 and 2018.

The EU has maintained the agreement is far from lost, despite Iran’s accelerated uranium enrichment plan.

Gallery: Iran's nuclear programme

  • Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, right, and the head of Atomic Energy Organization of Iran Ali Akbar Salehi inspect the nuclear technology on the occasion of Iran National Nuclear Technology Day in Tehran in 2019. EPA
    Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, right, and the head of Atomic Energy Organization of Iran Ali Akbar Salehi inspect the nuclear technology on the occasion of Iran National Nuclear Technology Day in Tehran in 2019. EPA
  • IR-8 centrifuges at Natanz nuclear power plant, some 300 kilometres south of capital Tehran. AFP
    IR-8 centrifuges at Natanz nuclear power plant, some 300 kilometres south of capital Tehran. AFP
  • The Iranian nuclear power plant in Bushehr in 2010. EPA
    The Iranian nuclear power plant in Bushehr in 2010. EPA
  • Salehi speaks with media while visiting Natanz enrichment facility, in central Iran in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
    Salehi speaks with media while visiting Natanz enrichment facility, in central Iran in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
  • The gate of Natanz nuclear power plant in Natanz , Isfahan province, in 2019. EPA
    The gate of Natanz nuclear power plant in Natanz , Isfahan province, in 2019. EPA
  • Inside of the Iran's Fordow nuclear facility, in Fordow, Qom province in 2019. EPA
    Inside of the Iran's Fordow nuclear facility, in Fordow, Qom province in 2019. EPA
  • Technicians work at the Arak heavy water reactor's secondary circuit, as officials and media visit the site, near Arak, Iran in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
    Technicians work at the Arak heavy water reactor's secondary circuit, as officials and media visit the site, near Arak, Iran in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
  • Members of the media and officials tour the water nuclear reactor at Arak in 2019. WANA via Reuters
    Members of the media and officials tour the water nuclear reactor at Arak in 2019. WANA via Reuters
  • Concrete is poured for the base of the second nuclear power reactor at Bushehr plant in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
    Concrete is poured for the base of the second nuclear power reactor at Bushehr plant in 2019. Atomic Energy Organization of Iran via AP
ARGYLLE
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Teri%20Baaton%20Mein%20Aisa%20Uljha%20Jiya
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Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

Many multinational groups will begin to feel the practical effect of the Domestic Minimum Top-Up Tax (DMTT), the UAE's implementation of the OECD’s global minimum tax under Pillar 2. While the rules apply for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, it is 2026 that marks the transition to an operational phase.

9. Reduced compliance obligations for imported goods and services

Businesses that apply the reverse-charge mechanism for VAT purposes in the UAE may benefit from reduced compliance obligations. 

10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

Europe’s rearming plan
  • Suspend strict budget rules to allow member countries to step up defence spending
  • Create new "instrument" providing €150 billion of loans to member countries for defence investment
  • Use the existing EU budget to direct more funds towards defence-related investment
  • Engage the bloc's European Investment Bank to drop limits on lending to defence firms
  • Create a savings and investments union to help companies access capital
Company%20profile
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States of Passion by Nihad Sirees,
Pushkin Press

SPEC%20SHEET%3A%20SAMSUNG%20GALAXY%20S23%20ULTRA
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Email sent to Uber team from chief executive Dara Khosrowshahi

From: Dara

To: Team@

Date: March 25, 2019 at 11:45pm PT

Subj: Accelerating in the Middle East

Five years ago, Uber launched in the Middle East. It was the start of an incredible journey, with millions of riders and drivers finding new ways to move and work in a dynamic region that’s become so important to Uber. Now Pakistan is one of our fastest-growing markets in the world, women are driving with Uber across Saudi Arabia, and we chose Cairo to launch our first Uber Bus product late last year.

Today we are taking the next step in this journey—well, it’s more like a leap, and a big one: in a few minutes, we’ll announce that we’ve agreed to acquire Careem. Importantly, we intend to operate Careem independently, under the leadership of co-founder and current CEO Mudassir Sheikha. I’ve gotten to know both co-founders, Mudassir and Magnus Olsson, and what they have built is truly extraordinary. They are first-class entrepreneurs who share our platform vision and, like us, have launched a wide range of products—from digital payments to food delivery—to serve consumers.

I expect many of you will ask how we arrived at this structure, meaning allowing Careem to maintain an independent brand and operate separately. After careful consideration, we decided that this framework has the advantage of letting us build new products and try new ideas across not one, but two, strong brands, with strong operators within each. Over time, by integrating parts of our networks, we can operate more efficiently, achieve even lower wait times, expand new products like high-capacity vehicles and payments, and quicken the already remarkable pace of innovation in the region.

This acquisition is subject to regulatory approval in various countries, which we don’t expect before Q1 2020. Until then, nothing changes. And since both companies will continue to largely operate separately after the acquisition, very little will change in either teams’ day-to-day operations post-close. Today’s news is a testament to the incredible business our team has worked so hard to build.

It’s a great day for the Middle East, for the region’s thriving tech sector, for Careem, and for Uber.

Uber on,

Dara

While you're here
Sole survivors
  • Cecelia Crocker was on board Northwest Airlines Flight 255 in 1987 when it crashed in Detroit, killing 154 people, including her parents and brother. The plane had hit a light pole on take off
  • George Lamson Jr, from Minnesota, was on a Galaxy Airlines flight that crashed in Reno in 1985, killing 68 people. His entire seat was launched out of the plane
  • Bahia Bakari, then 12, survived when a Yemenia Airways flight crashed near the Comoros in 2009, killing 152. She was found clinging to wreckage after floating in the ocean for 13 hours.
  • Jim Polehinke was the co-pilot and sole survivor of a 2006 Comair flight that crashed in Lexington, Kentucky, killing 49.
Temple numbers

Expected completion: 2022

Height: 24 meters

Ground floor banquet hall: 370 square metres to accommodate about 750 people

Ground floor multipurpose hall: 92 square metres for up to 200 people

First floor main Prayer Hall: 465 square metres to hold 1,500 people at a time

First floor terrace areas: 2,30 square metres  

Temple will be spread over 6,900 square metres

Structure includes two basements, ground and first floor 

MATCH INFO

Uefa Champions League semi-final, first leg
Bayern Munich v Real Madrid

When: April 25, 10.45pm kick-off (UAE)
Where: Allianz Arena, Munich
Live: BeIN Sports HD
Second leg: May 1, Santiago Bernabeu, Madrid

Our legal advisor

Rasmi Ragy is a senior counsel at Charles Russell Speechlys, a law firm headquartered in London with offices in Europe, the Middle East and Hong Kong.

Experience: Prosecutor in Egypt with more than 40 years experience across the GCC.

Education: Ain Shams University, Egypt, in 1978.

The White Lotus: Season three

Creator: Mike White

Starring: Walton Goggins, Jason Isaacs, Natasha Rothwell

Rating: 4.5/5

Nayanthara: Beyond The Fairy Tale

Starring: Nayanthara, Vignesh Shivan, Radhika Sarathkumar, Nagarjuna Akkineni

Director: Amith Krishnan

Rating: 3.5/5

Tuesday results:

  • Singapore bt Malaysia by 29 runs
  • UAE bt Oman by 13 runs
  • Hong Kong bt Nepal by 3 wickets

Final:
Thursday, UAE v Hong Kong

Your Guide to the Home
  • Level 1 has a valet service if you choose not to park in the basement level. This level houses all the kitchenware, including covetable brand French Bull, along with a wide array of outdoor furnishings, lamps and lighting solutions, textiles like curtains, towels, cushions and bedding, and plenty of other home accessories.
  • Level 2 features curated inspiration zones and solutions for bedrooms, living rooms and dining spaces. This is also where you’d go to customise your sofas and beds, and pick and choose from more than a dozen mattress options.
  • Level 3 features The Home’s “man cave” set-up and a display of industrial and rustic furnishings. This level also has a mother’s room, a play area for children with staff to watch over the kids, furniture for nurseries and children’s rooms, and the store’s design studio.