Syrians walk by posters of president Bashar Al Assad and president Vladimir Putin in Aleppo. Hassan Ammar / AP
Syrians walk by posters of president Bashar Al Assad and president Vladimir Putin in Aleppo. Hassan Ammar / AP
Syrians walk by posters of president Bashar Al Assad and president Vladimir Putin in Aleppo. Hassan Ammar / AP
Syrians walk by posters of president Bashar Al Assad and president Vladimir Putin in Aleppo. Hassan Ammar / AP

Sochi talks to form 'unified Syrian army and government'


Mina Aldroubi
  • English
  • Arabic

Russian brokered talks on Syria will demand the formation of a unified army and national unity, a leaked Russian document obtained by Asharq Al Awsat newspaper said.

President Vladimir Putin is set to host a two-day conference on a Syrian dialogue in the Black Sea resort of Sochi on Monday, which is seen as a broader push by Moscow to start hammering out a political path to end the Syrian war.

The draft document stipulates that Moscow will call on the Syrian regime to push for “national unity and to provide a fair representation of its administration”.

Negotiations will focus on drafting a new constitution for post-war Syria with support from regime backer Iran and rebel backer Turkey.

Russia’s push for a political process is a mere echo of Syrian president Bashar Al Assad’s demands.

Sochi’s conference is expected to form a Syrian National Dialogue that will host over 1,700 Syrian groups who will “represent the political, ethnic, religious and social elements of Syria’s community,” the document said.

The Damascus regime has said it would attend the negotiations.

Western countries view the Sochi peace talks with scepticism, concerned that Russia and Iran will carve out a settlement that will favour their own ally Mr Al Assad. They maintain that Mr Putin regards the talks as an alternative to the UN-led peace talks and as a demonstration of his ability to wield influence in the region.

According to the draft document, the establishment of three committees is expected during the conference - the presidential committee, a constitutional reforms committee and an election and registration committee.

Moscow stressed the need for the draft to be based on the 12 principles presented by UN’s envoy to Syria, Staffan de Mistura in Geneva last November.

According to the document, the only way to achieve a political settlement in Syria is to adhere to the 12 points which are based on "respect, sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Syria."

Meanwhile, Syria’s main opposition group said on Monday it needed “clear information” from Russia before it could agree to take part in the Sochi peace talks.

The comments came as the group held talks with Russia's foreign minister, Sergie Lavrov, in Moscow on Monday.

Mr Lavrov told Naser Al Hariri, Syria's opposition leader, that Russia wants the Congress of National Dialogue "to be as inclusive as possible."

For its part, the Syrian opposition has not taken a "final decision" on whether to boycott the Sochi talks.

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Read more:

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Russia invites Kurds to join Syria peace congress

EU urges ‘wise and consistent’ decision-making in the Middle East

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Thursday    500.75 million (25.23m)

Friday         280.25m (14.12m)

Saturday     220.75m (11.21m)

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  • Always ask for the dress code if you don’t know
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  • Wear 100 per cent cotton under the kandura as most fabrics are polyester

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Founded: 2017

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This makes NFTs closer to a piece of intellectual property such as a work of art or licence, as you can claim royalties or profit by exchanging it at a higher value later, Mr Das says. “They could provide a sustainable income stream.”

This income will depend on future demand and use, which makes NFTs difficult to value. “However, there is a credible use case for many forms of intellectual property, notably art, songs, videos,” Mr Das says.

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Ten tax points to be aware of in 2026

1. Domestic VAT refund amendments: request your refund within five years

If a business does not apply for the refund on time, they lose their credit.

2. E-invoicing in the UAE

Businesses should continue preparing for the implementation of e-invoicing in the UAE, with 2026 a preparation and transition period ahead of phased mandatory adoption. 

3. More tax audits

Tax authorities are increasingly using data already available across multiple filings to identify audit risks. 

4. More beneficial VAT and excise tax penalty regime

Tax disputes are expected to become more frequent and more structured, with clearer administrative objection and appeal processes. The UAE has adopted a new penalty regime for VAT and excise disputes, which now mirrors the penalty regime for corporate tax.

5. Greater emphasis on statutory audit

There is a greater need for the accuracy of financial statements. The International Financial Reporting Standards standards need to be strictly adhered to and, as a result, the quality of the audits will need to increase.

6. Further transfer pricing enforcement

Transfer pricing enforcement, which refers to the practice of establishing prices for internal transactions between related entities, is expected to broaden in scope. The UAE will shortly open the possibility to negotiate advance pricing agreements, or essentially rulings for transfer pricing purposes. 

7. Limited time periods for audits

Recent amendments also introduce a default five-year limitation period for tax audits and assessments, subject to specific statutory exceptions. While the standard audit and assessment period is five years, this may be extended to up to 15 years in cases involving fraud or tax evasion. 

8. Pillar 2 implementation 

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10. Substance and CbC reporting focus

Tax authorities are expected to continue strengthening the enforcement of economic substance and Country-by-Country (CbC) reporting frameworks. In the UAE, these regimes are increasingly being used as risk-assessment tools, providing tax authorities with a comprehensive view of multinational groups’ global footprints and enabling them to assess whether profits are aligned with real economic activity. 

Contributed by Thomas Vanhee and Hend Rashwan, Aurifer

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